Incubator



' (No Model.)

H.H.UNALAND. INGUBATUR.

No. 447,453. Patented Mar. 3, 1891.

UNITED STATES PATENT EEicE.

HERMAN II. UNLAND, OF GIMARRON, KANSAS.

lNcUBToa.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters PatentNo. 447,453, dated March 3,1891.

Application filed March '7, 1889.

To all whom, t may concern:

Beit known that I, HERMAN H. UNLAND, a citizen of the United States,residing at Cimarron, in the county of` Gray `and State of Kansas, haveinvented a new and `useful Improvement in Incubators, of which thefollowing is Ia specification.

My invention relates to incubatore; and it consists in certainimprovements by the means of which it is possible to dispense with theuse of a liquid for transmittingthe heat and at the same time to retaincertain arrangement of the egg-drawers, fully set forth in the followingspecification, and shown in the accompanying drawings, which forms apart of said specification.

The object of my invention is to provide an incubator that will hatchall fertile eggs placed therein without the use of a liquid fortransmitting the heat and at the same time to retain the arrangement ofseveral drawers one above another. I attain these objects by themechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1is a side and rear perspective of the incubator with the one side ofboth outside and inside cases taken away, exposing the arrangement ofthe drawers and shelves and a portion of the back of the outside casebroken away, showing the position of the hotair chamber C. Fig. 2 is aview of the hotair chamber with its projecting conductors and the endsof slides. Fig. 3 is a view of a stop with its slide and opening. Fig. 4is la view of an egg-drawer. Fig. 5 is a frontand side perspective oftheincubator when closed.

A in Fig. 1 is a case of any convenient size, usually made of wood. Inthe back of case A is a door opposite the hot-air chamber C, as shown inthe drawings. This door is for the purpose of opening in order to reachthe ends ofthe slides projecting through the sides of the chamber C. Inthe front of caseAare openings through which the drawers D `may slide.(See Fig. 5.) There is also an opening in Ithe bottom over which thehot-air chamber C is placed. Within the case A is the case B. The spacesbetween the sides and top of case A and case B may be from two to sixinches to suit convenience; but the front and bottom of case B forms aportion and is fastened to the front and bottom of drawers immediatelybelow them.

Serial No. 302,386. (No modeL case A. The space between case A and caseB in the rear is sufiicient to allow the hot-air chamber C to be threeor four inches distant from the back of case B, so the direct heat fromthe chamber C may not affect the temperat-ure in the egg-drawers. Withinthe case B are the egg-drawers D and the shelves F, arranged one aboveanother. The shelves F are made of either wood or metal. They are madeto fit closely and fastened to the sides of case B. These shelves arefor the purpose of holding down the hot air over -the several They alsoserve to hold the pan placed upon them to hold the moisture for the eggsabove. The spaces between the top of the egg-drawer and the shelf aboveis three inches, and the space between the bottom of the egg-drawer andthe shelf below it is two inches.

The hot-air chamber C, Fig. 2, is made of metal. It is a hollow pipe ofany convenient size or shape as to the perimeter of its ends. Thehot-air chamber C is supplied with conductors J. They are hollow metalpipes or tubes and lit closely in (and one end barely entering) openingscut in the sides of the hot-air chamber C. They pass through and fit inopenings cut in the back of case B. The ends may extend within the'caseB a few inches, if desired. These conductors J are for the purpose ofconveying the heat from the hot-air chamber C through the back of case Bto the atmosphere over t-he several egg-drawers. The hot-air chamber Cis also supplied with metal stops G, Fig. 3. These stops are adj ustedand iit close within the hot-air chamber C directly above the pointwhere the conductors J enter. The stops G are for the purpose ofdiverting portions of the heated air from its upward course laterallythrough the conductors J. The stops G are supplied with slides H andopenings I. The slides H have perforated projections,vwhich pass throughthe sides of the hot-air chamber, so the slides may be manipulated fromthe outside of the air-chamber. The slides Hare for the p urpose ofopening or closing the openings I in order to make the heat uniform inthe various parts of the hot-air chamber. The hoti air chamber C may beentirely closed at the top.

The egg-drawers D, Fig. 5, are made to fit IOO in the ease B. The bottomot' the drawers are well perforated to admit moisture from the pans onthe shelves below them.

In preparing the incubator for use I place it upon a trestle high enoughto admit the lamp E, which is inclosed in a metal lampsafe. (See Fig.l.) The drawers D are taken out and pans ot' water are plaoed on theshelves. The egg-drawers are then returned in place and the eggs placedtherein loosely, so they may he turned over with the hand. Over the eggsI place a thermometer and spread a thiek woolen cloth to hold themoisture around the eggs.

In the drawings and specification I have shown and specified thearrangement and use of one hot-air chamber; but two may be used byplacing them on the sides instead of the haelt with a similararrangement, or three may he used, placing one on each side and one inthe haelt. I have also shown the arrangement for the use of afour-drawer inoubator. may be used by a similar arrangement.

Having described my invention and the mode of applying it, what I claimas new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

In an incubator, the combination ot' the Casin g A, a hatching-chamberB, egg-tr. 'ys D, arranged a short distance apart in thehatching-chamber, a vertical hot-air chamber C within the easing A,pipes J, connecting the chamber C with the hatching-chamber just aboveeaeh egg-tray, and means for heating the air in said chamber, as and forthe purpose set forth.

HERMAN ll. UNLAND. litnessest HARRY T. W. BRICE, JAMES FMRnURsT.

A greater or less number of drawers

